Fireworks combine art and science. Discuss the chemistry behind Essay - 1

Fireworks combine finesse and science. Discuss the chemistry behind firework colors, including the mechanisms of color doing - Essay Example111).The production of canonical firework entails wizard to have four chemical agents of the essence(p) in the formation of the intact multifactorial reaction. These reagents or requirements include reducing agents, oxidizers, binders, coloring agents and regulators whereby the latter downstairstakes the role of controlling heat (Ochiai, 2011). Binders in the production of fireworks ensure each reagent is in its place for various chemical reactions to take place as necessitated, thereof produce the required color displays. Oxidizers in this reaction serve the purpose of availing the required oxygen essential for the combustion process (Ochiai, 2011). These oxidizing agents include nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates (Ochiai, 2011). However, their extent of releasing respective(prenominal) oxygen atoms varies greatly during the entire an d labyrinthine reaction process. Key oxidation reactions resulting from these processes include,Upon the release of O2 in the atmosphere, it encounters with S and C, which act as reducing agents producing their respective gaseous oxides as well as heat. Produced heat in this case outgrowths explosive power of the entire combustion process.Color production during fireworks comprises of two mechanisms, which are Incandescence and Luminescence (Helmenstine, n.d). In the initial mechanism, it refers to a light produced by heat changing into varied colors based on different temperatures that increase with heating. Successive colors produced by this light include infrared, red, orange, yellow and finally white though under effective regulation one can attain his or her distinct color (Helmenstine, n.d). In addition, one can utilize selected metal elements to increase the brightness of a firework, for instance AL, Ti and Mg ordinarily known to burn brightly at high temperatures (Helmens tine, n.d). Conversely, Luminescence refers to a light produced by external sources mostly

Christianity versus Judaism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Christianity versus Judaism - Essay ExampleThe relationship between Christianity and Judaism is that they have had strains for over two thousand historic period of history before the coming of Jesus. Christians accuse the Jews of refusing Christ Jesus as their Messiah, and on the other hand, the Jews accused Christians of interfering with the aspect of one God by emphasizing on Jesus. (Dietrich pg 150)The Jews taked that the anticipate Messiah impart be like some(prenominal) other person his mother l conceive like any woman and he bequeath be born like any other human. He will non be empowered with supernatural powers. Christians charter that Jesus had no father and was born from a virgin who conceived through the Holy Spirit.The Jews claim that Jesus failed to observe the Torah they had great faith in the expected Messiah and they hoped that the Messiah will guide them in following and observing the laws. It states that all mitzvoth (commandments) will never be altered, and whoever attempts to change it is viewed as a false prophet (Deut 131-4). In some cases in the New Testament, Jesus went contrary to the Torah and claimed that the commandments are not applicable. For instance, John 914 documents that Jesus go against the Sabbath by making a paste.Apart from all the other existing religious groups, besides the Jews believe is solely based on national revelation. They believe that God will speak to the whole nation. They claim that if God intends to start a religion, therefore he will tell everyone but not only one person. Judaism does not rely on miraculous claims as their religious basis. (Neusner pg 201)The Jews claim that Jesus was not a prophet, they believe that prophecy can exist in Israel alone when the majority of the world is check by Jewry.

Two Forks Medical Mystery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

devil Forks Medical Mystery - Essay ExampleShe described the details of her older brothers exchangeable experience less than a month ago. It struck me then that the carrier who had infected Cam had possibly infected his older brother Cord. Nora was unable to listen to my reasoning as most cases of the Paratyphi-type are passed through visibly-uninfected carriers in like manner known as Typhoid Mary. Since it was rattling early in the investigation (I had not just interviewed the towns people) it could not be ascertained that this was a case of Typhoid Mary moreover nonetheless was a strong possibility. It appears that Cam Watanabe fell sick after possibly eating and drinking the intellectual nourishment served at the restaurants on the fourth of July celebrations. Nick, one of Cams friends, accompanied Cam and their other friend Adam that very day. As he recollected in the County Sheriffs car, he told Nora, the deputy and me what had happened. The boys went to a total of four eateries plainly I noticed Noras frown when Nick mentioned Grapplin Bear. He noticed it too and abruptly terminate the conversation. That gave me a hint as to selecting the most possible restaurant that gave Cam the bacterium.

Market Development for small businesses in the USA Dissertation

Market Development for small businesses in the regular army - Dissertation ExampleMedical instrument effort is a significant component of an entire health care system. The proposal has started with a background analysis where the entire medical examination equipment market has been discussed. It is sort of of the essence(predicate) to understand the market itself before entering into a special market. In the later segments the research methodology would be discussed with research objectives. A brief discussion of the supporting theories has been also provided in this research proposal. footing and Academic Analysis The Medical Equipment Market in USA The medical and dental instrument industry in USA is diverse in nature and technologically dynamic in its operation. The medical devices distinguish up in an extensive range of products used in the health care. The devices can range from genuine tongue depressors to some extremely sophisticated diagnostic devices. The US me dical and dental mechanism and supplies industry can be segmented in five different products segments including surgical appliances and supplies, surgical and medical instruments, dental equipment and supplies, electromedical equipments, x-ray apparatus and tubes (AASBEA, n.d., p.1-2). The products of this industry are articulated as follows. Surgical instruments such as clamps, syringes, suture needles and hypodermic, laparoscopic devices, stethoscopes, catheters and blood pressure measuring devices. Appliances such as wheelchairs, bandages, implantable devices and prosthetics. Dental equipments such as hand instruments, drills, plaster, cements, amalgams, dental chairs and sterilizers. X-ray tools and tubes. Electromedical apparatus like patient monitoring equipments, pacemakers etc. Diagnostic tools like ultrasonic see instruments, magnetic resonance imaging equipment. Ophthalmic goods like sunglasses, contact lenses and eye-glasses (Shippey, 1995, p.149). The growth of this in dustry would depend on the expenditures in national health care including the expense to come up with new regulatory norms to attend effectiveness and safety in the instruments and appliances. Even the changes in the insurance coverage drive the growth in the medical instrument and appliances market. It is pretty significant to analyse the macro environment of the players operating in this specific industry. The macro environmental driving forces are determining forces to shape up the companys strategies to smear itself in the market. Macro Environment Analysis PESTLE Analysis Political and Legal Environment The medical instrument industry in US is governed by several regulatory norms some of them have been quite influential to the industry itself. Such a norm, 1990 Safe Medical Devices Act, redefined the processes to bring in medical instruments to the various(prenominal) market. This norm was established to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the products pouring into the market. For an instance, manufacturer of certain medical instruments must include the safety and effectiveness data in the premarket notification applications. As per the law, the high risk apparatus which had been introduced after the year 1990 are required to have post market surveillanc

Hacking Exposed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Hacking Exposed - Essay deterrent exampleviewing the Defense Threat Reduction Agency server, the periodncy of the Department of Defense and downloaded the proprietary environmental control software for the International Space Station the programming that controlled the temperature and humidity in the stations living space (Whats the latest, 2010, par.1). Initially, James was banned from recreational computer use and was slated to serve a six-month sentence under house arrest with probation. However, he served six months in prison for violation of countersign (IT Security, 2010, par.7).It was clearly indicated in the article that James hacked computers for fun. He was exposed to computers at a very raw age. His father remembers James as a passionate computer geek, who started playing with the family PC at the age of 6, and switched his own computer from Windows to Linux in middle school (Whats the latest, 2010, par. 8).Due to the tender age of James, at 16, when he was sentenced for the crimes committed, what could have been a 10 year sentence of incarceration for an adult for the crime, he was unaccompanied restricted from using the computer and was on house arrest with clear probation.Given the sensitivity of the organizations he hacked, he should have been given a more stringent punishment in terms of an prolonged period of incarceration (or house arrest, for that matter). Or, since he has proven to have the intelligence and the capacity to intrude reasonable softwares of top organizations, one of these organizations could have used his potentials to productive use. By merely letting him go afterward the punishment, he was again suspected of being part of the conspiracy responsible for the largest identity theft in U.S. history. He was found dead of a self-inflicted gunshot wound in his home on whitethorn 18, 2008, less than two weeks after agents raided his house in connection with a hacking ring that penetrated TJX, DSW and OfficeMax, among others (Whats, 2010, par.6). Ultimately,

Pharrell Williams and Robin Thicke Versus Marvin Gayes Case Essay - 1

Pharrell Williams and Robin Thicke Versus Marvin Gayes Case - Essay ExampleMarvins children express that the money they demanded was what they believed their father would have been given had he signed his tenor with the label. Robin and Williams argued that the family only had a right to the sheet music and not the sound. In fact, earlier they had sued Marvins estates in order to part them from going ahead with their copyright rape case. However, they both did not claim to have written this straining together but independently. They held on to their innocence and said they were not through with the case yet. An additional $8000 is alike to be added to the amount given to Marvin Gayes estate. This case has brought down Williams reputation as a songwriter as he was ordered to pay $1.6 million while Robin $1.7 million (Grow).Copyright infringement occurs when anybody breaches the restricted rights of another persons material whether oral communication, sound or pictures. This ru le is seen as larceny as the violator uses a copyrighted material without the owners authorization (Campbell, Cotter & amount for International Legal Studies, 2).Even though the two songs do not have the same sound, the words in the two songs are similar and this constitutes a breach. The two musicians have violated Marvin Gayes song even though they argue that the sheet music is what Gaye copyrighted.

Current Even Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Current Even Paper - Assignment Examplethe chief financial officer, John Currie, verbalise that the partnership witnessed a incisive come down in sales at the start of 2014. The source of this decline is attributed to the recall of its popular yoga pants which were found to be see-through. In addition, this decline was caused by the negative forwarding offered by the then outgoing chairman Dennis Wilson when he suggested that the problem was caused by overweight customers. While the company has focused on improving the quality of the recalled pants, it has failed to add up to the commercialise new products. This has led to a sharp reduction in the volume of customers at the stores.One of the key issues supply chain management attempts to train is the quality of products and services. In addition, an organization must be able to bring new products and services to the market in order to remain competitive. In the above article, it is shown that Dog Lululemons problems stemmed f rom its inability to bring new products to the market. This has led to a lack of newness in its stores. Furthermore, supply chain management involves managing of customer relationships. In the above article, the then outgoing chairman of Dog Lululemon failed in this aspect, and this further compounded the

Mental Damages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mental Damages - Essay ExampleFirst, the elements of negligence should be established. They are duty, breach, causation, damages. match to Caparo v. Dickman 1990 UKHL 2, if the harm that occurs is jolly foreseeable, there is a degree of proximity between the tortfeasor and the dupe, and if it would be just, fair and fair to impose liability, then the duty prong of the negligence analysis is satisfied. In this case the harm was reasonably foreseeable maria could foresee that something could go wrong if she defied orders, in that she might be incapacitated, which would leave the children basically unattended. This is exactly the harm that happened, so this harm is reasonably foreseeable. Proximity is also established, in that the children were in Marias care.... Maria did not act as a bonny person, as a reasonable person would energize obeyed the rules set forth by the New Horizons regarding employees acting only with trained hold water staff. Therefore, breach is established. Ca usation is the next element. The courts typically use the barely-for test would the damages submit occurred but-for the tortfeasors actions? (Barnett v. Kensington & Chelsea NHS Trust 1968 1 All ER 1068). In this case, the actions of Maria were the cause, because but-for her choosing to drive without administer help, the damages would not have occurred, because there would have been a trained person to help the children on the bus. Damages are next do Bonita and Ben have compensable damages? After all, they were physically unhurt, but apparently suffered some type of emotional damage from the incident. In this case, the court would look to the case of page v. Smith 1995 UKHL 7. In Page, the plaintiff was physically unhurt in a minor traffic accident. However, he suffered other damages, which was that he had myalgic encephalomyelitis, and this disease recurred, although it was previous in remission. The court found that Page was a capital victim, which means that the primary v ictim must only show that personal injury would have been a foreseeable consequence of the tortfeasors actions. If this is established, that the victim was unhurt would not preclude the victim from collecting from some kind of nervous shock or psychiatric injury. Further, another case that establishes that primary victims may recover for nervous shock, if they are in danger of being injured, is Alcock v Chief constable of South Yorkshire Police 1992 1 AC 310. Therefore, even though the two

Obesity and San Diego Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Obesity and San Diego - Term Paper ExampleHaving been an experience medic in the ara, I baffle observed several cases and even potential ones of obesity and therefore there is lack for a more inclusive approach in tackling the health condition. The various volunteer works I have been engaged in have further brought to my attention on the consequences of ignoring this issue especially by professionals in the medical field. In addition, my quest for eliminating this problem has been further motivated by the situation currently experienced in my own household. My teenage siblings are at high risk of being obese because of their life style and their consumption habits. This paper focuses on the major contributors of obesity and how to eliminate them in the county of Florida. The various indications as ordain be discussed below show that this problem is becoming a critical issue in twain the county and the whole nation of United States. Policy Plan The healthy people 2010 (2009) i ndicate that the countys aim of obesity, at least for those who have overlayed, is about 15% among teenagers and about 18% among the adults in the county. This shows a actually alarming trend that calls for intervention by the leadership of the county and overall, of the state. To draw a further highlight of this problem, it is wagerer to mention that obesity is a major contributor of other life threatening conditions standardized asthma, coronary diseases, diabetes, cancer and others according to the countys health and human services agency. It is because of these findings that there was a decision to tactual sensation the local authority in this case, the mayor of San Diego City Council. The date identified for this visit will be the 23rd day of February, 2013. Policy making is very essential for eradication of this problem and therefore the confession of this choice. Since there is difficulty in securing appointment with the mayor, it is important that there are various pe ople mobilized to alleviate capture some attention. Another proposed way is therefore through mobilization of affected people for a peaceful procession to the mayors office in which an appointment will be desire and the date above be pushed. The main policy proposal will be that of ensuring that there are campaigns and sensitization programs in the county to aid in the awareness creation that will help change the lifestyle and eating habits of the local people so that they do not succumb to this great problem. A report by Jeannie et al (2009) indicates that the HOPE project is one of the successful ways the nation has enabled the medics in the outlandish provide necessary assistance and guidance to victims of this condition by establishing a curriculum for the medical professionals like nurses to enable them learn through the internet on ways to tackle this issue. Internet use has been general among the teenage population and that is why this project can be used as a signpost i n developing a policy to combat this problem in the county. The healthy people 2020 (2012) declare oneself methods of tackling the problem of rising obesity among the teenagers in the country. Most importantly, it envisages the reduction of obesity cases by use of selection prevention mechanisms of which campaign by professionals, especially the nurses, is one of them. It even goes further by pointing out the need for sufficient information on the causes of overweight among the countys population. Story et al (2008) propose a unite policy and

Social Networking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

neighborly Networking - Essay ExampleNot everyone in this kind of affable community would be a good member and follow the ethical rules of the online community. And as the interaction is non physical in nature but virtual, people start making negative use of this event and break the moral and ethical values and boundaries of the loving networking community and society as a general. design Definition and Description of Social Networking Social interaction taking place over the internet is called mixer networking and the platforms that support this activity be the social networking websites. These websites main usance is to create an online community consisting of internet users who are free from the issues of distance, time and cultural differences and interact with each other and share all kinds of information from personalised experiences to general opinions. Through these websites, users usually establish an online connection with known persons like their family members, friends, office colleagues and many more. scarce they may in addition get connected to unknown persons who may be different from them in toll of race, religion, nationality and the like but became friends due to common interest. (Reynolds, 2009, p. 304). Currently there are many websites catering the purpose of social networking. One such website is called Facebook.com and it is the website which has been ranked first as the total minutes per month played out by users on this website exceeds 14 billion. There are other popular websites also such as MySpace.com, LinkedIn.com and Twitter, each one catering the interests of users in their own particular ways. (Reynolds, 2009, p. 305). General Ethical Issues Social networking gives come to the following ethical issues 1. Cyberbullying Social networking websites allow cyberbullying to occur in the easiest manner. This kind of activity is usually do by females who are students in their mid- teens. Cyberbullying is an harassment in wh ich a person or a host mentally tortures other persons or groups, and humiliates them or threatens them by putting online any private or clumsy or threatening information that may harm them. Statistics show that the major negative effect of cyberbullying is that the victim may commit suicide as it may give him severe mental torture. 2. Cyberstalking This activity is the large version of cyberbullying in which similar activities of sending threatening emails, stalking each others information and then misusing it online. search reveals that there are 50 to 500 requests per day for help from victims of cyberstalking. 3. Uploading of Inappropriate Material Videos and images that depict abandon or vulgarity are not permitted by many social networking websites through their policies. The terms and policies of the website also state that any user violating the policies and terms would get his account deleted or deactivated by the website owner. But even-tempered these policies are n ot enough to stop people from uploading such content as websites do not have enough resources to monitor the millions of activities of millions of users. Uploading of such content harm the persons who are subject of the content. (Reynolds, 2009, p. 310-313). Business and Social Networking Apart from social interaction and playing games, social networking is also one of the cheapest ways to advertise oneself and his seam and all the services and products it offers at a very low cost or totally free. When companies dictum the widespread use of social networking websites, it attracted them and they thought of improving their productivity and communication among workers through the use of social net

The Future of Nursing in an Evolving Health Care System Essay

The Future of Nursing in an Evolving Health share System - Essay ExampleFurthermore, it will make the population lose their trust on the health care system. The maturing nursing workforce, low unemployment, and the worldwide nature of this deficiency intensify the ordinary elements that help nursing deficiencies. In order to sustain change and a sufficient supply of nurses, arrangements must be made in few areas, i.e. training, health care frameworks, approaches, and regulations.There are two primary strategies that have been utilized to sell the inconsistency between the supply and demand in nursing. These are expanded nursing system enlistment, and the importing of nurses from different countries. Apparently, these interventions have not been able to make any changes given the desperate circumstances former(a) countries nursing pools likewise impart (Janiszewski, 2003). As scientists analyze what inspires nurses to stay in their current workplaces, they have eff up with the fol lowing saw self-rule, workload, distinguishing, planning, administrations authority abilities, home obligations, and peer connections in the work environment relate a medical attendants choice to remain in duty (Kimball & ONeal, 2002). However, this shortage is not exclusively a nursings issue and obliges a community oriented exertion among nursing pioneers and health care administrators, government, and the

Assessing an Organization's Effectiveness at Managing Diversity Research Paper

Assessing an Organizations Effectiveness at Managing Diversity - Research Paper ExampleThe association on its 170th anniversary stands as a potential voice in the American frugality with record breaking financial gain from the policy sales. The management of New York flavour thanks the blind drunk values like integrity, humanity, humanity and financial strength for all the achievements the company has gained so far (New York Life Celebrating 170 years of strength). The Company provides its services by way of multiple insurance and investiture products, all of them assuring the customers safety in choosing the smartest way they can secure their prospective life and save their hard-earned money.The official website of the company provides the most reliable and accurate details of the management and trading operations of the organization. It has an impressive design with provisions for information links and clearly authenticated access points. The homepage is attractive with the wile combination of light oceanic blue and light grey on the background gives the texts an embossing effect season they are printed on the flash file format. Moreover, the literature of the documentations is highly attractive and pleasant even for the somewhat educated readers. The details are easy to understand and the interactive diction is transparent in nature. in that location is no complex intervention of legal terminology or technical jargons in the communicative language of the entire website of the company. These attributes give the advertisement a smart look and that is how the company succeeds in grasping the clean customers attention.The Company believes in doing value-based business within the conceptual framework established by the mission relation and the value statements. The association of mission and values alone can take a company to the highway of progress and sustainability especially when it deals with the publics investment. New York Life Insurance Comp any identifies this and keeps trying to silk hat incorporate the virtues of being the most reliable provider of

The Socrates' Philosophy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Socrates Philosophy - Research Paper ExampleHis character resembles that of a normal charitable person living in ancient Greece. Young and fiery Euthyphro believes in leading his life check to his throw ideas. He is so blinded by his own principles that he fails to see the folly that he commits in persecuting his own father of murder. However, Euthyphros character resembles ancient people of those days. Most of them were honorable manpower who believed in leading a life of high principles. I have found Euthyphro to be like a real-life person. There is a section of the population who are so steadfast in their own thought process that they often fail to realize the mistakes that they commit by acting according to their own ideas. Of course, in the end, Euthyphro is pundit by Socrates and retrieved to the right path of thinking.Glaucon is also portrayed as a strong character. He does not hesitate to engage in conversations with the great Socrates about serious issues like the d esirable and just actions of men and about the code of conduct of humans. He discusses the grave issue of human life and its end with his partner. Glaucon possesses his own ideas regarding the issues and argues with Socrates courageously putting forward his own ideas with great zeal. He sounds futuristic when he advocates that the young contemporaries should be told of the actions of their predecessors to make them aware of the truths of life. Glaucon says the youth must know of the good as well the mistakes of their fathers and forefathers to random variable their own ideas about civilization.However, Plato as an precedent fails to impress. The conversations are described at length and style of story is quite complicated. It takes the reader a considerable amount of time to grasp the meaning of their words. Perhaps, this is not the authors fault and people in ancient Greece were used to conversing in this way. Plato has used simple side language to convey the thought of his spe akers, but their ideas are repeated and re-repeated so that instead of giving a clear idea, they have created confusion in the readers mind. The philosophies of the speakers could have been expressed in a more straightforward and direct manner.

Reflective practioner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reflective practioner - Essay ExampleWhat this means is that I would have the experience as wholesome as the training (including on-going ones) in company to be effective in different classroom environments. For instance, if I am faced with a class constituted by different ethnic groups, I allow for be able to have the knowledge and t separatelying experience to tailor learning strategies according to each of their respective learning needs. In this respect, I would like to underscore that if I had satisfied the standards then I would also have displayed a record of engagement with the wider community, which will contribute a lot in my competency as a teacher in this kind of environment because it will widen my sagaciousness on the socio-cultural dynamics of a diverse learning environment.The main purpose of the NSW teaching standards is to enhance the level of professionalism of teachers and teaching. (Bascia et al. 2005, p. 585) Particularly, the accreditation of teachers accor ding to performance standards at various stages of development as a teacher is crucial in assuring the competency of those who have been validated. This is highlighted in the standards developed in the process of validation, which aims to ensure that teachers mustWith the preceding(prenominal) factors in mind, I feel that the competency of the teacher is assured once he or she achieves a good level in each. The only problem that I could see is the attainment of consistency in these standards. So far, the only clear ground for disaccreditation is those on the grounds of ethical standards. This is underscored by the fact that the standards were developmental and not regulatory in nature.In Action Research, baseline data, or rather its gathering, constitute the punt stage wherein researchers have to assess the current situation in relation to the research question. These data atomic number 18 information gathered through interviews and research on sources - both primary and secondar y in order to present the information necessary to establish the current

Exploring the Psychological and Emotional Issues as Relates to a Known Essay

Exploring the Psychological and Emotional Issues as Relates to a K this instantn Stillbirth - Essay ExamplePregnancies that take a leak 38 weeks of gestation normally dont result in the fetus being still born only if occasionally this does take place. When it does the midwife and other medical professionals nominate to be prepared and entrusting to table service the mother cope and seek professional help to get through the devastating tragedy she has to passel with (Geller & Neugebauer 2001, p. 432). The problematic situations that take place are of high concern and the grieving process in itself is proficient as complicated as attempting to understand the stillbirth of the baby. What makes the grieving process so difficult is the situation that the mother has not had the opportunity to bond with her baby so in that location are no memories in that location to comfort the parent at all. This is medically termed, the token of remembrance and leads to high anxiety levels for many of these mothers due to the facts that they never had the opportunity to dress, caress, hold, or even speak with their babies (Radestad et al 1996, pg. 1505). Often the mother falls into a difficult depression and goes through a series of psychological phases, some having been briefly mentioned.The traumatization is one very authorized factor that presents itself in cases such as this one. Some of these are self-blame, and guilt even though there might not exist a medical explanation for the loss whatsoever (Frost 1996, p. 54). As the explore will show, psychoanalytical theory, although utilized in the past for assessments following stillbirths was popular in decades past it is now considered unreliable and does not provide relevant information that correlates with the emotional state of women who suffer from such a loss. Stillbirth is now considered to be an event that creates intense feelings of sorrow and depression which bay window turn to more than serious psychologic al problems, far exceeding the regular baby blue syndrome that women have following a normal delivery of a live baby. Ultimately from having had personal experience with this young woman I can strongly say that I believe the psychosocial factors are what are of the highest concern in ensuring her public assistance following this loss. The support that she needs from her spouse, a womans support network, and her own relatives will definitely affect how she will appraise her loss and cope with it. These also will have a part in how swell she manages the various emotional stages that she will indeed have to endure and how her level of distress will have to be managed as well. As was mentioned, depression and high levels of anxiety are the two most rough-cut psychological influences following such a tragic occurrence for women. The Case StudyThe case require shows a woman that was physically fit and took care of herself following the full 38 weeks of her pregnancy. There is no menti on of cigarette smoking or alcohol abuse that could be tied in with the premature death of her fetus in utero. Often these concurrent problems are what medical experts have found that can cause still-births and other related problems with a fetus while still in utero (Lester et al 2004, pg. 1477). However, as was stated, in this case there was no known

LOCAL VANCOUVER ISLAND TOURISM - PARTICIPATION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO Essay

LOCAL VANCOUVER ISLAND TOURISM - PARTICIPATION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO QUALITY OF life-time - Essay ExampleThe thematic exploration of topical anaesthetic tourism with regard to the quality of life becomes evidential as its findings could be exploited not only for enhancing the overall well-being of the local people tho also in promoting new opportunities of growth across the Island population.The study had focused on the views of women in the grow group 30-39 years. The main reason being that womens outlook is linked to wider community encompassing friends, relatives, children etc. as they are perceived to be the epicenter of family. The thesis questions were very pertinent to explore and trace the factors that link local tourism to the holistic welfare of the people. The questions had focused on three major ideas How women in 30-39 years perceive local tourism their perception of quality of life and how quality of life is relate to local tourism. Local participation and su stainability have underpinned the research objectives which makes the study hugely relevant to the socio-economic development of the Island. The alpha research has exploited the tenets of descriptive qualitative research methods using semi-structured interview schedule and focus group. come up numbers of participants were nineteen six from the industry stakeholders and thirteen female participants representing diverse community across Vancouver Island.The thesis findings had revealed some very interesting aspects of human relationship that have wide ranging impact on local tourism. The quality of life had varying meanings for different participants but it was unanimously confirmed that it had positive impact on their life and happiness. It could broadly be divided into three categories being a healthy and happy somebody and enjoy all amenities of life like good food, good work-life balance and being independent. The second gear category is linked to better social relations, safe environment, strong sense of pride and lifestyle choices. Lastly, follow effective peaceful

Best Vacation Essay Example for Free

Best Vacation EssayAre you in the mood to relax, take in the sun, and contract people c take inr to you? If so, you should take my advice and go on a cruise. My family and I took a four-day, three-night cruise on Royal Caribbeans Sovereign of the Seas three years ago and it was the best vacation we have of all time had. Nothing else mattered but what was in that moment. Though getting to the ship took a lot of time, the cruise was a place to get away, have no worries, and feel like a queen. I packed, wondering if I had forgotten anything I would need and thought to myself, is it worth all this hassle?My family and I planned to get hold of from Austin, Texas, to Galveston, Texas and stop in Texas City, Texas for the night. We did not want to waste a moment of our vacation so we halt and visited our family in different towns on the way. We arrived at Texas City that night, rented a room and went right to bed. The drive had wear all of us and all we could think ab step up was a good nights residue and the hopes of a better, less exhausting day tomorrow. We got up the next morning roughly six a. m. ate breakfast, and got on the road to the ship.Finally, we made it. T here(predicate) it was, the biggest ship I had ever seen in my life. It was a urban center on water. We checked in and walked into the main lobby of the ship. When we entered, my family and I looked at each other as if to say Oh my god. Do we belong here? This is the classiest place I have ever seen. A humanity who reassured us we were in the correct place greeted us. He made us feel as if he would have spent all day with us just making sure we had everything we infallible.We consequently went to our room and found chocolates on our pillows, a cute monkey made out of towels hanging from the ceiling, and a mini bar full of all the drinks we could drink. We all knew that at this moment we were going to have a vacation of a lifetime. That evening we spent the rest of the day exploring the ship as if it was a tangle that needed solving. The next morning my family and I decided to have breakfast. There were so many places to choose from it was hard to decide. We could dine at one of the buffets, in a formal dining room, or out on the b start.We finally made the choice to dine in one of the formal dining rooms. At once, a waiter was at our table assuring us we were the most important customers he had and anything we needed was his pleasure to provide. After breakfast, we spent that first day going in and out of shops and resting on the deck looking out over the ocean. At this point, we were so relaxed we felt like we could melt. There were no worries here and the hardest job we had was deciding what to wear that day. I wondered if this is the way the rich and famous feel.The next day was a very exciting day for us. We were stopping at Cocoa Cay, a small private island. My family was localise to explore and I was ready for the snorkeling excursion. Everyone loaded u p on small boats and little by little, we all made it to the island. As soon as I stepped off the boat, I stepped into sand that was as white as snow. The water was crystal clear like the water coming from a green goddess spring. My family hurried away to start exploring and I headed for the snorkeling gear.I put all the gear on and into the translucent water I dove. As I submerged myself into this undersea world all the sounds nearly me ceased. I could hear the heart beat of the ocean swishing around me. As I looked around, I sight the colors were shimmering in this underwater world. I could see luminously colored fish and coral all around me. Spectacularly colored fish of all shapes and sizes swam around me as if to say hello. I caught a glimpse of a stingray as he glided by aimlessly.The next day we woke up with a sense of wretchedness. It was our last day and we were not looking forward to going back to our everyday life. We were treated as if we were royal line and hated to give this up. We went back home to the same routine. We had to go back to work and do our perfunctory chores. I caught myself daydreaming about the cruise and the carefree life we experienced there. If anyone would like to relax, take in the sun, and have people cater to you, a cruise is definitely the vacation you should choose.

Learning Team Reflection Essay Example for Free

Learning Team Reflection studyLearning Team D discussed the learning objectives provided for workweek Three. Each Team Member posted a response to three informational questions posted by the Team Leader. During workweek three The Team Members felt at rest with diffe deal topics. Sherly, Andrea and Katrina all felt the most soothing with the topics dealing with Technology, R D, and Efficiency which were covered in chapter 11W. Sherly found the topic of invention the most fascinating because it allows people to just think up of an idea, experiment with it and develop it before final examly developing it with the intent of putting it out on the market and earning some(a) profits. An character of invention at work is a TV show on ABC called shark Tank where inventors present their invention to members of the panel who are entrepreneurs/potential investors with the intention of selling a part of their business or product. Andrea felt that the chapter was an easy read and was t o a greater extent of a review on how businesses hindrance profit open and viable. From this chapter Andrea was able to learn that creating a fresh product at the optimal price is the unwrap to success.Katrina was most interested in Technological Advance and Efficiency section covered in the chapter. The fact that improving ones technology merchant ship also contri exclusivelye to economic efficiency was something that Katrina found interesting. signalise was comfortable with all the topics covered in week three and especially enjoyed learning more about the differences in operating in a monopoly, monopolistic competition, and an oligopoly. Danielle felt most comfortable with the process of supply and choose and how it plays an important role in the economy.Danielle feels that pull ining how the supply and demand process kit and boodle is beneficial and can be used to analyze decisions about prices and quantity. For Danielle having Learning Team D pressd with different top ics that were covered during week three. Sherly struggled with Exploiting University and Government Scientific Research. Sherly thought that any product or potential product created by an undivided or members of an organization could be patented. Andrea found it operose to understand visual presentations of the data by the example graphs.Andrea considered herself to be a visual learner but can non seem to understand the graphs given. Katrina, like Andrea, found it hard to follow the examples given within each chapter but the reason behind her confusion dealt with actually macrocosm able to score the example to the reading. Katina felt that having to flip back and forth while reading to match the example that was given within the reading caused her to not fully understand what the example was trying to clear across. Nonprice barriers to entry was the topic that Mark felt the most unsure about this week.Mark found it intriguing to look beyond the numbers when analyzing something . Danielle struggled with pricing decisions, price elasticity, inelasticity, and elasticity of demand. The differences in monopolies and oligopolies was a bit of a struggle for Danielle but the examples that were provided within the reading helped her to grasp the information separate. Each Team Member was able relate topics of the week to their organizations field of business. Sherly works as an underwriter for an insurance family which provides health, life and disability insurance products and services.Reduced cost via process innovation was the topic that Sherly felt link up to Underwriting. Sherly and her team are always looking for ways to change/update processes, reduce turnaround measure between the receipt of an application for life/disability insurance coverage request to making the final determination whether to approve, postpone or decline a file. As an example, the introduction of a clean formation where applicants could go online to apply and depending on the inf ormation entered and the amount being requested, a determination can be done right there.This new clay saved the company both time and money. We do not have to go through the omission process with this system since every question must be answered for the online application to be processed. When, we have to send applicants omission letters, the entire process takes longer since we have to hold in to receive the missing information back from the applicant before the application can be processed. Andrea works in the finance industry for an airport. Andrea was able to apply the topic of mergers the most to my daily business field.At the airport, the airlines and rental car agencies combined resources on a regular basis. Department of Justice generally gets obscure with these types of mergers to prevent monopoly behavior. For example, American and US Airways are currently under review and comment period for their merger. In addition to combining ticket counter space, it is anticipated that gates will be combined as well. The airport will lose money on the merger but customers will benefit from turn down fares.The more customers that fly will make up for the pitifulfall in revenue for space rent lost by the airport. Katrina works in the field of Workers Compensation as a Claims Assistant. The topic of invention related the most to the type of work Katrina does at her job. Each twenty-four hours new claims are called into her office on a day to day bases and the way in which those calls are entered into the system must be efficient. Katrina and her team at her office created a new system for entering a new claim that is called into the office.Mark relates the topic of most of cost control and using developing technologies to dismay cost to his field. That is an area we are constantly trying to improve upon whether the ideas come from our staff or from distant our organization and we work out a plan to put on them to help our business. Our franchise location does not develop technology but we have the opportunity to seek technology to cast up the efficiency of our workers and also help save costs. Danielle works as a bedevil manager for an energy efficiency consulting agency.As a parturiency manager Danielles role is very significant in budgeting for a project for he/she is the one who determines the project costs and project budgets in line with the stakeholders specifications and resources. Budget allocation, collaborates with the project stakeholders and project financial coordinators to build a sensible budget plan that will sustain the on the whole project in all of its phases. Using cost control measures to insure they are staying within budget, as we understand the importance of increasing revenue and staying within budget.Revenue management is integral to a companys long strategy without adequate income administration, the company may not be around long enough to implement its operating tactics. Each member of the Learning Team experienced a learning curve for Week Three. Sherly learning curve incr silenced a little bit during this week. The additional information on monopoly provided Sherly with more information that helped her better understand what was taught in week two. The fact that certain opics such as monopoly, oligopoly, short run and long run, are being covered more in depth has also helped to increase her learning curve. Andreas still struggles with the graphs presented representing the demand curves. The economy of scale section has also been a struggle for her this week but Andrea has gone over the text in these sections multiple times for a better understanding. To increase her learning curve she finds that the lectures provided by our instructor breakdowns the topics in a more day to day format for easier comprehension.This week Katrinas learning curve increased because she started to feel more comfortable with the call and having a chapter that was easy to read through and understand made her feel more at ease with learning new Economic information. Marks learning curve for this week was changing his localise to look at big picture items using more theoretical concepts rather than concrete numbers. Mark enjoys the challenge that is presented by applying a different approach to analyzing what will impact a business from a market structure standpoint which will continue to increase his learning curve.Danielle feels that shes beginning to understand the importance of Economics and how it relates to more than just money. Danielle hopes to continue to improve her understanding of the mathematical equations and graphs representing demand curves as the weeks progress. As the weeks go by the team still struggles with a few concepts but as the team moves forward they are developing and getting a better hold on the topics that are covered on a week to week bases.

Creation of Snow and Jack Frost Essay Example for Free

Creation of Snow and diddly-squat Frost EssayLong ago, the last was just warm and the grass was just green. Every person on earth was laughing(prenominal) the focus they were, and the way everything was. deity was always trying to bring new things into Earth, to complete its perfectness. One day beau ideal had this big feeling that he needed to create something for Earth and his people. But what could it be? Everything was already so perfect.So god asked and angel named jackass to go drink to Earth and figure come to the fore what was missing. Jack went down and searched and searched, he disguised himself as a human and asked many children and adults, If you could add something to our earth, what would it be? everybodys answers were the same. They in all said that there was no needed change. Jack reported back to God and told him everything, simply God motionless didnt agree. He thought and thought of different ideas every day. One day, He caught a cold, and He could nt stop coughing or sneezing. Even when He had this cold, he still looked over Earth every single day and tried to improve it. But right when God was just ab place to give up and say the Earth was perfect enough, He let out the biggest strongest sneeze anyone could imagine.His sneeze was so powerful that it blew all the clouds onto the ground onto Earth and make them stay over top of the grass and cover every single thing on Earth in balmy white stuff. When God seen this, He was appalled. He thought he ruined everything. But then a bright idea came into Angel Jacks head. He said advantageously since Earth has however warm weather and green grass, what if these clouds turn into cold soft ice and the weather becomes cold for fractional the year? God thought this was a brilliant idea, so He did what Jack suggested.He glum the clouds and weather cold. He decided to call the clouds century. He then told Jack to go check it out and see how the humans reacted. Jack once again went down to Earth and disguised himself. He asked all the children and adults what they thought of this degree centigrade. They all said the same thing, that they dont know what to do or how to hand fun in this snow. Jack thought to himself, what if I think of fun games the children could play in this snow? So he did, he lied on top of the snow, and started to move his hands up and down and his feet in and out.All the children saw what he was doing and did the same. They asked him what he was doing. Jack answered promptly, Im making, uh, snow angels understand these are the wings and these are their white long clothes The childrens faces lit up and asked Jack if he could show them any other fun stuff to do. So he thought quickly and started forming balls to throw and blocks of snow to make little forts. The children seen what he did and all said, Lets make snow balls and snow forts like Jack is I love the snow Once Jack heard this, he was on his way back to God.He came back and w hen God asked how everyone liked it, he told him all this stories and God was exceeded. God then asked Jack, Do you like this snow? Jack answered, I love this snow, so very much So then God asked if he would like to become in charge of when snow falls, and in charge of making games and keeping the snow to the humans likings. Jack answered with a yes, so God said, Well then Angel Jack, you are now named Jack Frost Jack was happy with that, he made his home at the North Pole and kept track of the snow and made sure everyone was happy ever since.

The Influence of Information Literacy on Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership Essay Example for Free

The Influence of Information Literacy on Scholarship, Practice, and leading EssayInformation Literacy is a crucial portion of the scholarship, practice, and leadership model. Information Literacy that is utilized in a clinical setting by Physicians, Physician Assistants, and Nursing staff help to determine the type of reverence that is generated to patients. Information competence is a basis for long- brio learning competence and is necessary in some(prenominal) way of learning (Tursheva, 2009, p. 127). As a scholar, practitioner, and leader, one must possess the knowledge and the ability to accession various types of instruction. At the VA Hospital aesculapian exam staff must completely be knowledgeable of bundle that in allows them to access the numerous amounts of patient data the assists them daily in performing their aesculapian duties. Access to the meshing or taking a trip to the local library is an everyday occurrence in the life of a medical student. Becaus e of their career choice, they are constantly on a quest for new and zippy information. We live in an information society. All individuals have the opportunity to enhance their way of thinking and counterchange their lives personally or professionally. Often information competence is defined as a skill of searching, evaluating, using, and distributing all kinds of information, which is developed during our whole life (Tursheva, 2009, p. 127). Throughout hospitals in todays society, there are medical libraries and journals available for medical students to use to broaden their knowledge as it relates to providing the proper treatment for their patients.Medical students coif as scholars. They continue to look for new and improved ways to enhance their knowledge in the medical field. The information they obtain is crucial for their development. Information literacy must continue throughout their careers. Information literacy is not remedial, it is foundational (Badke, 2009, p. 49). bump more how to write a scholarship essay for study abroadIn a clinical setting, medical information changes on a daily basis. Physicians avail as practitioners in the medical community. They leave key information to medical students, residents, as well as nursing staff that help with their maturation and development. Simons, Morgan, and Davidson (2012) stated, in order for physicians to practice medicine successfully and become learners for life, they need to know how to search and have it away the medical information they discover in spite of appearance their patient-centered context. As a practitioner, physicians understand that these skills are necessary in order for their medical students and other medical staff becomes experts in their chosen field.As a scholar and leader in the area of medicine, it is imperative to understand how to work as a team up to provide the trump out possible care to patients. Educators are responding to complexities of todays medical knowledg e by ontogeny educational programs based on current learning theories, such as enactivism, where learning takes place within teams that are actively engaged in clinical environments (Davidson, Morgan, Simons, 2012, p. 291). This results in more patients that can place their confide in physicians and nurses who know how to work together as a team.Leaders provide an opportunity for students to grow. Upon go into college medical students are unaware of the importance of information literacy. They fail to understand the purpose that it will fare in their everyday lives. According to Russell (2009), todays students dont have a weak understanding of what it means to obtain scholarly information that is useful (p. 92).Staff physicians at the VA Hospital serve as leaders. They are solely responsible for the medical knowledge they provide medical students and residents. Because medical information is constantly changing, as leaders, they have to be prepared to adapt. This learning must include access to evidence-based medical literature to make informed decisions, thus making information literacy a central activity of the team responsible for the care of patients (Davidson, Morgan, Simons, 2012, p. 291). At the VA Hospital medical literature is readily available on all of the computers as well as a plethora of other information sources for the medical residents to make the best decisions regarding patient care.Information literacy provides the opportunity to access a variety of information utilizing different sources. This information provides requisite knowledge to support ideas. Information literacy skills allow the adaptation to changing environments which serves as a support instrument for better decision making in everyday life.

The independent variable Essay Example for Free

The independent variable Essay larn is a relatively permanent change in behavior or in behavioral capableness that results from experience and crowd outnot be attributed to temporary body states such(prenominal) as those induced by illness, fatigue, or drugs. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005, pg 8) learn sack occur from experience, holy fiting or operant conditioning. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) Aristotle theorized through his laws of association that information can be recalled through contiguity, similarity or contrast. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) Using the frontal lobes of our brain the information can be manipulated to form ideas or thoughts both directly or abstractly from the knowledge that is stored in longterm memory. Learning is analyze by the potential change or observable change in behavior. Studying the change in behavior provides researchers with an observable, measureable subject matter that is necessary in behavioral science. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) The behavior is stu died by identifying the variables. The kindred between the stimuli and the responses is the theoretical member called the intervening variable. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) The dependent variable is the behavior. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) The independent variable is what causes the change in behavior. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) The complexity of human thought behavior makes it difficult to study learning.Because of this most learning studies are performed on living organisms. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) One exception would be Ebbinghaus who studied the relationship between learning irrelevant information standardised nonsense syllables and relevant information like Byrons Don Juan. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) Ebbinghaus studied himself and methodically recorded the amount of quantify it took to master nonsense syllables and syllables that were familiar to theorize the associative process in learning. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) Psychologists like muleteer and Pavlov employ animals to s tudy the learning process.Pavlov studied learning in dogs through classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is where a conditioned response is used to cause a change in behavior. Pavlov documented a dogs innate(p) response to food which is an unconditioned arousal. Dogs have a predisposition naturally to start salivating when food is introduced. This condition is innate and similar toa persons reflex of pulling his or her hand away from a calefactive stove. Pavlov also showed that a condition stimulus like the level-headed of a bell alone go out not cause a dog to salivate. Pavlov added a conditioned stimulus, the sound of a bell, to the unconditioned stimulus of introducing food. After repeating the conditioned stimulus several magazines the dogs learned that when the bell sounded that food was liberation to follow so the dogs would start salivating as soon as they heard the sound of the bell eventide if no food was presented. (Willingham, 2007)Skinner studied learning through operant conditioning.Operant conditioning is different than classical conditioning because a choice is involved. The dogs did not have a choice but to salivate to the sound of the bell, but in operant conditioning a person would make a choice such as not eat fish if it has made them sick on a prior experience. Skinner used a skinner box made of Plexiglas with a grid floor that can be electrified and a lever that can be pressed that will deliver food to the animal, normally a rat, inside the box. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) The box was used to test escape conditioning or avoidance conditioning. pull out conditioning occurs when the animal inside the Skinner box is given a negative stimulus, an electoral profane from the floor of the box, and the animal has to perform a behavior such as climbing onto a flyspeck shelf to turn off the shock stimulus. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) Avoidance conditioning is a signal is activated clean before the electric shock to get the animal to ju mp onto the shelf to avoid being shocked. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) In both of these scenarios the animal makes a choice as a result of the conditioned stimulus.Learning is the process in which knowledge is stored in memory. Aristotle first formulated the law of association to show a correlation coefficient between retrieval of nonfunctional knowledge. The law of similarity is the recalling of similar experiences or objects. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) The law of similarity would be when a person learns something during training and later comes across a similar event or interaction. He or she would reinvent what was learned and apply it to the task or interaction based on his or her similar knowledge. (Fenwick, 2000). The law of contrast is recalling the opposite of something. (Hergenhahn Olson, 2005) The law of contiguity is recalling something that was experienced at the same time as something else.(Hergenhahn Olson, 2005)These laws of association give a basis of cognition. A pers on goes to a fine dine restaurant and redacts a tray of signature cheese spreads for the fresh baked bread. When the waiter brings the spreads the person hears the waiter designate the imported quality, sees the display of the variety of spreads and the texture, smells the aroma, and taste the spread to be all that the waiter described. A course of instruction later the same person sees the cheese spread on the menu and recalls the contiguity of memories being stored well-nigh the smell, taste, texture and quality of the cheese and uses the knowledge to make a decision if he or she wants to order it again or not.ReferencesFenwick, T. (2000). Expanding Conceptions of Experiential Learning A Review of the Five Contemporary Perspectives on Cognition. Retrieved from http//aeq.sagepub.com at Apollo Group Inc.Hergenhahn, B., Olson, M. (2005). An Introduction to Theories of Learning (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice HallWillingham, D. T. (2007). Cognition The thinking animal (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson/Allyn4 Bacon.

Farewell Party for Miss Pushpa Essay Example for Free

Fargonwell Party for Miss Pushpa EssayIn circumstance, Nissim Ezekiel makes fun of the way in which semi-educated Indians speak or write the English language. He ridicules the errors in grammar, syntax, and idioms which more Indians commit while oration the English language. In other words, he mimicks the Indian way of speaking English with so many faults, and the poem is highly amusing. The loudspeaker system says that their dear sister, Miss Pushpa is leaving for a foreign country, and they all tender her bon voyage. In his speech, he again and again uses the present continuous tense instead of the mere(a) present, which creates a ridiculous effect. He says that they are all knowing the sweet nature of Miss Pushpa who is lucky and smiling for no reason, but simply because she is feeling. The speaker goes on to say that her father was a celebrated advocate in Bulsar or Surat, and that he is not remembering the correct place. Then he unawares remembers that the place is Surat. He seems to be a poor speaker when he points out the irrelevant fact that he stayed there once with his uncles very old friend whose wife was cooking nicely. Again, the speaker starts praising Miss Pushpa, and says that she is very popular with men and ladies also.Whenever he asked her to do anything, she said, Just now plainly I will do it. Clearly the speaker means Miss Pushpas readiness to do any work, and the unnecessary use of just and only exhibits the Indian speakers ignorance of the usage of English words, creating laughter and fun. The speakers frequent wrong use of the present continuous instead of the simple present is further revealed in his speech when he says that he is always appreciating Miss Pushpas frank nature, and she is always saying yes when he or anybody is asking any help.The speaker concludes his amusing speech, saying that they are wishing Miss Pushpa bon voyage. He informs that Miss Pushpa will do the summing up, when the other speakers finish th eir talk. What he means is that Miss Pushpa will respond to their words of praise in the end. Thus the poet makes fun of the amiss(p) Indian way talking English. THEME bad and ungrammatical english spoken by deal of india.. this poem is a mockery on indian english, not to indians or india

Islamic Unit Study Guide Essay Example for Free

Muslim unit of measurement Study Guide EssayIn Arabic, the contrive Islam means submission or surrender, it is derived from the root word salam in which you can also derive the root words peace and safety. 2. What is Zamzam? The name of the holy good located in Mecca believed to be revealed when Abrahams infant son Ishmael kicked the ground desperate for water. Millions of Muslims nowadays revel from the healthy while performing their pilgrim time to Mecca 3. What is the Kabah? One of the most set apart sites in Islam, it is a large marble structure located in the middle of al Masjid al Haram (Sacred Mosque). Its said to be built by Abraham and his son Ishmael to dedicate to Allah, and also houses the sacred black-market St iodin. No matter where you are, Muslims supposed to be facing the direction of Kaaba when in prayer. 4. Fully describe the mathematical function Abraham played in Islam. Ibrahim is considered to be the father of both Arabs and of Jews according to Mus lims. Its also believed that he is incomplete a Jew nor a Muslim, but somebody who is a hernif somebody who essentially and intrinsically knows that there is rightfully only one theology.Much of what Islamic tradition is ab turn up, along with rituals such as the Hajj straw from the pre-Islamic era and are translated into Islamic rituals by dint of Ibrahim. The Kaaba was built because God spoke to Ibrahim about constructing a sacred house for God. 5. When was Muhammad born? 570 AD, Mecca 6. What did Muhammad dislike about his birthplace, Mecca? It was filled with idol worship and when he was assigned by God to call people to Islam per God revelation of Quran to him, the disbelievers disliked his views against discrimination.The people of Mecca were steeped in their ship canal and opposed Muhammad and his small group of followers in every way. 7. Describe the Night of Power and how Muhammad became the courier of God. The Lailat ul-Qadr or Night of Power is the night in which the Holy Quran is revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. At the age of 40, while engaged in a meditative retreat, Muhammad received his first revelation from God through the Archangel Gabriel. Muhammad began to recite the words he heard from Gabriel and to preach the truth which God had revealed to him. . What is the Night go? Be sure to include in your answer a discussion of Isra and Miraj. The Night Journey starts out with the Isra, where Gabriel presents to Muhammad the heavenly winged steed called the Buraq. With the Buraq, he then journeys to the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem where he met and prayed with Prophets Moses, Abraham, Jesus, and John. Gabriel then gives Muhammad the decision to drink the wine or milk, Muhammad chooses the milk which fulfills the prophecy.After this, is the Miraj, where Muhammad is ascended into heaven and passes the seven heavenly realms, where he meets God. 9. What is the significance of Medina? Its considered the first Islamic Republic and is the locati on of the first Mosque built 10. Describe in detail the basketball team Pillars of Islam Shahada It is the declaration of belief in the oneness of God and acceptance of Muhammad as Gods prophet. Salat The practice of statuesque worship to Allah Zawat Sawm Arabic word for fasting regulated by Islamic jurisprudence.In the terminology of Islamic law, the observance of sawm during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. Hajj the pilgrimage to Mecca that every Muslim is required to process at least once in his lifespan, provided he has enough money and the health to do so 11. Briefly describe the conflict between the Sunni and Shiite Muslims. The schism occurred when the Islamic prophet Muhammad died in the category 632, ahead(p) to a dispute over succession to Muhammad as a kalif of the Islamic community disruption across various parts of the world which led to the Battle of Siffin.Sectarian violence persists to this day from Pakistan to Yemen and is a major element of fric tion throughout the Middle East. 12. What does caliph mean? The chief(prenominal) Muslim cultured and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad. 13. What is an imaum? The title of a Muslim leader or chief 14. Describe in detail the holy writings of Islam Quran the sacred text of Islam, divided into 114 chapters, or suras grand as the word of God, dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel, and accepted as the foundation of Islamic law, religion, culture, and politics. hadith Hadith is the collection of the Prophet Muhammads statements and actions coupled with the statements and actions of his companions believed to have been collected 150 years subsequently Muhammads death, and it is the basis of jurisprudence for Islamic or Sharia law. Muslims classify hadith in cardinal different categories. The first three categories refer specifically to Muhammad. Awl are the transmissions of Muhammads statements, filiare the transmission of Muhammads whole kit or actio ns, and taqrir are the actions or deeds of the Prophets companions or others that Muhammad has approved of.The fourth home of classification is qudsi, which are the Prophets words, inspired by Allah, that are not recorded in the Quran. Sharia the moral code and religious law of Islam. Sharia deals with many topics addressed by worldly law, including crime, politics, and economics, as well as personal matters such as sexual intercourse, hygiene, diet, prayer, and fasting. Though editions of sharia alter between cultures, in its strictest definition it is considered the infallible law of Godas opposed to the human interpretation of the laws 15.Describe in detail the Aqida. Be sure to include the six articles of the faith. 16. Explain the concept of Jihad. Be sure to include the nub of the word Jihad, and the distinction between Lesser Jihad and Greater Jihad. 17. What is the meaning of the Star and Crescent Moon, the symbol of Islam? The crescent moon and star symbol pre-dates Islam by several guanine years when polytheism was the majority in the Middle East. The crescent and star are often said to be Islamic symbols, but historians say that they were the insignia of the Ottoman Empire, not of Islam as a whole. 8. What is the Aqiqa? Islamic practice of skim the head of the newborn male and contributing the weight in silver for charity as well as 2 lambs. One lamb is slaughtered for a baby girl. 19. Briefly define the following groups state of Islam an organization composed chiefly of American blacks, advocating the teachings of Islam and originally favoring the separation of races members are known as desolate Muslims. Wahabi a follower of ? Abd al-Wahhab (17031792), who stringently opposed all practices not sanctioned by the Koran.The Wahhabis, founded in the eighteenth century, are the most conservative Muslim group and are today found mainly in Saudi-Arabian Arabia. The Twelvers the largest branch of Shiite Islam. Adherents of Twelver Shiism are commonly referred to as Twelvers, which is derived from their belief in twelve divinely ordained leaders, known as the Twelve Imams, and their belief that the Mahdi will be none other than the returned twelfth part Imam who disappeared and is believed by Twelvers to be in occultation. 20. Define the following terms Arabia Peninsula of southwest Asia between the ablaze(p) Sea and the Persian Gulf.Politically, it includes Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait. Arabia has an estimated one third of the worlds oil reserves. Allah Islamic word for God Ishmael Son of Abraham Muslim A believer and follower of the teachings by the Prophet Muhammad Mecca City is Saudi Arabia, the religious centre for one of the five pillars of pilgrimage (hajj) Abu Bakr One of the close companions of Prophet Muhammad and the first caliph Khailifahs Muslim religion leaders or chiefs Mosque Muslim house of worship Ramadan The ninth month of the year in the Islamic calendar, a time of fasting. Hajj The religious pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the five pillars of Islam Sufism Islamic mysticism Ali Cousin and son in law of Prophet Muhammad, a caliph Hidden Imam Twelver Shii doctrine holds that the twelfth imam did not die but went into a spiritual form of earth known as occultation, and will return at the end of time as a messianic Mahdi to restore justice and equity on earth.The sacred dress of Muslim pilgrims, consisting of two lengths of white cotton, one wrapped around the loins, the other thrown over the left shoulder. Kafir Infidel or irreligious Id Al-Fitr A festival that ends the fast of Ramadan Id Al-Adha Commemorates Abrahams willingness to sacrifice his son Ishmael Sunnah The way of life prescribed by the normative of Islam Tawhid Asserting and maintaining the divine unity, Islams central doctrine. Ummah Means the people in Arabic, it refers to corporal community of Islam peoples

Social historical background Essay Example for Free

Social historical earth EssayReligious feasts were celebrated in capital of Greece to pay homage to the God Dionysus, the patron of wine. He brought joy and fun simply rage and thoughtlessness too. This is similar to the effects of wine on mint wine makes people either happy or thoughtless. Dionysus kick downstairsd in winter and was reborn in spring. The festival took place for five days in spring to worship the rebirth of Dionysus and grape vines. In the thinker of an ancient Greek person, the theatre was a product of Dionysus. Therefore Sophocles, when writing the play, included a crack of thanks to Dionysus which the chorus perform.This would have been interpreted by the Athenians as a noble inclusion and make Sophocles popular. The festival evolved from the rural town of Dionysia. In the large cities dramatic performances took place. The dramatic ele ment developed when competitions called for playwrights to traffic pattern plays and showcase them at the festivals. Two popular forms of drama materialised from these competitions Tragedy and comedy. Tragedies aimed to teach religious lessons. Sophocles was a tragical playwright and his play Antigone is an example of this.Comedies were seen as trivial and a waste of time to ancient Greeks. Comedies joked around the gods and intellectuals, albeit in a respectful manner. The theatre in ancient Athens had the ability to teach clean lessons, inform of contemporary issues or amuse. It was a powerful tool and was used by governments/polis to influence peoples opinions and move on their populations up to date with current affairs. For this reason the government encouraged all men to go to the theatre. Those who could not afford to go were even offered free grants. Antigone was aimed at an Athenian audience.The play showed the downfall of man and highlighted how corked Thebes was. Athens was a commonwealth whilst Thebes was under dictatorship. Men visiting the theatre would see how oppressive the behavior of a Theban was and then increasing obligate for democracy. This mattered to the local polis because if the people were against a partys ideas they would not be elected in further terms. Role of Women in Society A charr was meant to be amenable to the ruling man in her life. Once a girl reached thirteen course of instructions of age she was moveable for marriage. Women in Athens were devoid of rights.They could not go out of the house unless it was to see another woman and could not vote or influence the government. Women were not allowed to go to the theatre. The reason women were treated with so a great deal injustice is because they were viewed by men as uncontrollable and wild. However women did play an important part of passing(a) Athenian life as they ran the house. In some ways men were indebted to women. Although women were generally viewed in this light, the audience of Antigone were ambivialent as to which way they viewed her. Antigone articulates the fear s of every Athenian male.She is uncontrollable, untrustworthy. In this way Antigone would have been received negatively in the eyes of an ancient Greek man. However she stands for issues which Athens support such as democracy and the importance of a proper burial. Athenians had deep rooted hate for dictatorship, therefore when Antigone goes against Creon she would have win support for her character. There is ambiguity into which way the audience would have sided, but this was planned. The ambiguity forces the audience to think to the highest degree the issues and politics of the play. A society at state of warAs Antigone was being created a war was blossom forth in the Peloponnese area. This was occurring as a result of a long dispute amidst the alliances of Sparta and Athens. Thebes was one of Spartas allies, thus was against Athens. Sophocles might use Thebes as the setting of the play as Athenians were against the city thus building more support for the city of Athens. The issue of war was contemporary, therefore the Athenian government would have wished to have it discussed in Athens favour at the amphitheatre. Sophocles and fellow Athenian men would have no doubt been adversely affected by the war.Sophocles might be trying to show that there are undesirable affecs from a war. After all, the incidents did start off when Polynices attacked Athens. Therefore, Sophocles might be trying to show that the war affects not still a domain as a whole but individual circumstances such as families and relationships. In an Athenian audience, Creon might have been viewed negatively given the fact that he was against everything that Athens stood for Athens was a democracy whilst Thebes was an Oligarchy. An Oligarchy is a government ruled by a few influential members and is the verso to a democracy.When Creon goes against the rules of the gods, the audience would have interpreted this negatviely. Although he punished Antigone for going against his word, which mi ght have won him support, the crime he is punishing her for is not a crime but an action of respect for the dead. The form of the Gods genus genus Zeus was the final son of Cronus and Rhea. The other children, upon birth, were swallowed by their father, Cronus, as he was afraid they would overcome him. However, when Zeus was born he was hidden by his mother inside a cave, and Cronus was given a rock, conceal as a baby, to swallow.When Zeus grew up, he ordered his father to regurgitate the stone and his siblings. The male children overcame Cronus and divided up up the world. Zeus became the God of Gods for doing what was right, and received the skies and the heavens. Poseidon and pit received the sea and the underworld respectively. As Zeus was the queen mole rat of Gods he was worshipped by all. Zeus was revered and respected for if he was not, he was cognize out of anger to throw bolts of lightning to the ground. Just the mention of going against Zeus would have caused outcry . Antigone shows reverance to Hades, god of the underworld.Hades role was to ensure entry to the underworld occurred rightfully. It was believed when a Greek person died they crossed the river of Acheron, river of life, from the baks of life to the banks of wipeout by boat. In order to traverse the river they had to be given their rites, buried and have a attain under their tongue to pay the boats captain, Charon. This job was carried out by women and is the reason why Antigone feels so turbulently about burying her brother. If a person was left unburied or loseed the coin under their mouth, they would travel the banks of life and could not cross to the banks of death.Therefore when Polynices is not buried he is left to roam the lands, so Antigone goes to give him the burial he deserves. The Playwright Sophocles was one of Ancient Greeces greatest playwrights. The reason that Sophocles was such a good playwright is because he had an ability to rebel conventional drama and produ ce plays that provoke debate. In Antigone, he gives the genuine thoughts and feelings of women in ancient Greece, which must have been difficult seeing as men and women were so detached. Apart from being a playwright, Sophocles was a politician and an Athenian General.He played an combat-ready part against the allies of Sparta in the Peloponnesian war and was a hero for Athens. Antigones base is war, the war fought between two brothers, between family members or father and son. As Sophocles had so much experience in war this story would have greatly appealed to him. The Oedipus Curse Oedipus is iniquityd to wed his mother and shoot down his father. The curse is a result of Oedipus father raping a young boy. Oedipus fulfills the curse and impregnates his mother with four children. When Oedipus finds out what he has make he blinds himself and his wife/mother commits suicide.Oedipus then abdicates his role as king to his two sons, Etocles and Polynices. Prior to the play, the curse is inherited by the sons as a manifestation of jealousy both wish to be king but cannot. They decide that every year they will alternate who is monarch. Etocles is first to rule for one year but will not hand over power when Polynices turn arrives. A fight ensues and the brothers kill eachother. An audience, upon learning the characters were descendants of the incestuous Oedipus, would have perceived Antigone and her sister as filthy, cursed individuals.The audience would conceptualize the characters to commit grave and shocking crimes. The audiences expectations come true when Antigone disobeys Creon. However, Creon might have also been expected to go away as he was Oedipus brother. When Sophocles makes the characters do what the audience expect, the audience would have interpreted this as curses never die and are inherited by ones family. The audience would have evoked a response of fear. The Life and generation of a greek citizen Men were either politicians, farmers or fighte rs whilst women brought up the family and helped religious festivals.This extraneous work and the lack of medicinal resources meant that people had a short life span. Even healthy people could die prematurely by an illness or disease. To combat this citizens ate healthy and exorcised. A meal was simple but full of vitamins, vegetables and oil. The family of an Athenian was very important and was built on love. Therefore, when the Athenian audience saw the fueds in Antigones Theban family, the royal family, they would have been disgusted to think people were being led by such a bad example.Thebes was located inland whilst Athens was located near the sea. This made Athens maritime fleet useless when it came to attacking Thebes, whilst Thebes naval fleet caused havoc on Athens. Argos is located south of both Thebes and Athens, near the sea and was a neutral territory. Greek at this time would have been a nation under war. Greeks people would have been proud of their territory yet sca red of invasion. Athens, Argos and Thebes were in the Peloponnese area.

Environmental Concerns and Public Policy Essay Example for Free

environmental Concerns and Public insurance attemptYour 8 to 10 page final motif is to be a comprehensive research news report on one of the following Public Policy motifsSocial SecurityHealth Care prevalent assistancePrimary and Secondary Public EducationEnvironmental ConcernsYou volition identify relevant material consistent with the focus of the topic using scholarly journals and master websites with authored material (not popular Internet sites).Your analysis of the selected topic must accept the followingThe scope and nature of the public policy problemThe evolution of public policyEvaluation of policy, the actors involvedThe intergovernmental structure and political concernsThe approaches to policy settingThe suggested policy sayion that is support by researchIn assenting to the textbook, you must use a minimum of six resources from the Ashford Online program library Database, academic websites or professional journals and organizations in the vault of heaven of Sociology. You are encouraged to analyze your findings and avoid over-use of direct quotations.Writing the Final newspaperThe Research Papermoldiness be eight double-spaced pages in length and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide. Must include a cover page that includesStudents c every(prenominal) up physical body name and numberTitle of paperInstructors nameDate submittedMust include an introductory split with a succinct thesis statement. Must telephone the topic of the paper with critical thought. Must solve with a restatement of the thesis and a conclusion paragraph. Must use APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide to document all sources. Must inclTo get this material copy and paste link to browser https//bitly.com/1rubRACGoing to college is an experience that will help you shape your personality and build a better future for yourself. It is important that you think somewhat your decision carefully, compare differ ent schools and programs and find a way to finance your education. Read this article to get wind more about college.Sociology General SociologyFinal PaperYour 8 to 10 page final paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of the following Public Policy topicsSocial SecurityHealth CareWelfarePrimary and Secondary Public EducationEnvironmental ConcernsYou will identify relevant material consistent with the focus of the topic using scholarly journals and professional websites with authored material (not popular Internet sites).Your analysis of the selected topic must include the followingThe scope and nature of the public policy problemThe evolution of public policyEvaluation of policy, the actors involvedThe intergovernmental structure and political concernsThe approaches to policy settingThe suggested policy direction that is supported by researchIn addition to the textbook, you must use a minimum of six resources from the Ashford Online Library Database, academic websites or professional journals and organizations in the field of Sociology. You are encouraged to analyze your findings and avoid over-use of direct quotations.Writing the Final PaperThe Research PaperMust be eight double-spaced pages in length and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide. Must include a cover page that includesStudents nameCourse name and numberTitle of paperInstructors nameDate submittedMust include an introductory paragraph with a succinct thesis statement. Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought. Must conclude with a restatement of the thesis and a conclusion paragraph. Must use APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide to document all sources. Must include six sources in addition to your text.Must include, on the final page, a Reference Page that is completed according to APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide. Carefully review the Grading Rubric for th

Spoil the Parenting Essay Example for Free

pillage the Parenting EssayIn the essay entitled Spare the Rod, Spoil the Parenting, Pitts argues that the traditional, sweeping concept about tangible punishment is no longer acceptable, maintaining that the minor punishment like spanking or swatting the butt of children should be distinguished from the harsher punishments much(prenominal) as the shaking and blows to the head or face. In effect, he does not hold with the idea that all tangible or bodily punishments, notwithstanding their severity, should be considered de facto child abuse (Pitts). He presented several reasons why a reasonable corporal punishment like spanking should not be considered child abuse. First, he argued that spanking should not be equated with stomping, punching, or scalding because they are simply not the same. Second, accord to him, it has never been proven with certainty that spanking, as previously claimed by some, leads to mentally unstable children. As a matter of fact, Pitts cited the stud y conducted by Dr. Diana Baumrind of the University of California which refuted this argument.Third, the suggestion that parents should resort to negotiation instead of applying reasonable corporal punishment is just not feasible because a five-year-old, for instance, would rather scream than talk things over. According to him, negotiating with a child accomplishes nothing more than propping up the childs self-esteem which leads him or her to the dangerous ruling that he or she is in charge (Pitts).Pitts considered spanking a corrective measure which should be employ in order to let the child know who is in charge. According to him, when parents fail in this role, children come up without respect for adult authority. He explained that history is replete with horror stories involving persons who grew up in such an environment. However, he agreed with those who oppose spanking or corporal punishment, per se, when they say that corporal punishment is not a panacea or a cure-all solu tion for misbehaving children. He clarified that child-rearing does not exactly require discipline, but also humor, love and some luck.In the end, Pitts urges parents to take charge, declare a propitious dictatorship as our culture dictates. The alternative, he says, are children poisoned by self-esteem and self-centered adults ill-equipped to subscribe with the vagaries and reversals of life (Pitts).Work CitedPitts, Leonard, Jr. Spare the Rod, Spoil the Parenting. Attachment to order 71157717.

Causes and Impacts of Acid Rain

Causes and Impacts of dot precipitatefallAcid rain is an extensive quandary faced by the world. The destructive step forwardcomes of dit rain be one of the major contributors to this type of pollution. Acid rain is any rainfall precipitation, snow, or fog that includes erosives for instance nitrogen oxide and randomness dioxide. Our society is engulfed with big amounts of pollution from factories, cars, and garbage. The incredible quantities of sulfur dioxide released into the air, sources exalted levels of dose in the environment. Acid rain causes a f paltry rate of effects that kill or harm individual weight, lessen fish numbers population, entirely wipe out fish species from a irrigate menstruum, and lessen biodiversity.Acid rain is sourced by a reaction of chemical substance that commences when composites similar to nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide be throw away into the air. These materials screwing go up extremely high into the environment, where they com bine and retort with oxygen, water, and additional chemicals to structure additional acerbic pollutants, identified as acrimonious rain. tender-hearted activities are the major source of acid rain. Above the precedent few decades, humans beings have discharged so several diverse chemicals into the atmosphere that they have transformed the blend of gases in the environment. Power plants discharge the preponderance of sulfur dioxide and a great deal of the nitrogen oxides when they smolder fogy displaces, for instance coal, to stimulate electricity. Additionally the exhaust from trucks, buses and cars, discharges sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere which source acid rain. In expressions of natural sources, equally decaying vegetation and volcanoes discharge gases that effect in the construction of acid rain.The terrific amounts of sulfur dioxide released into the air causes elevated levels of acid in the surroundings. Sulfur dioxide is mainly one of the vital constituents of acid r ain and it helps maintain sunlight extracurricular the atmosphere, which sources the Earth to cool Sulfur dioxide emission adds to global warming. The acidity of a substances suspended in water is normally computed in terms of Ph level. When this sulphuric acid is soaked up into humidity of the air, moving rainfalls can be destructive to the outside environment. (Godbold, D. Huttermann, A.).Acid rain can dissolve chalk and limestone, and oxidizes structures of outdoor. Monuments and Statues that are left unprotected can plunge casualty to the unprejudiced obliteration of acid rain.Acid Rain counters to diverse types of rocks flat coat and in two ways.Acid rain will melt alkaline soil and rocks, or will counteract the alkalinity.Acid rain will raise the acidity of previously acidic soil and rocks, for instance granite, or the soil which effects from oxidized granite.Natural sources, which release sulfur dioxide, are sea spray, volcanoes, rotting vegetation and plankton. Acid rai n is obliterating the worlds air, lakes, and ecosystem. Acid rain affects distributively single feature of the ecosystem. Acid rain is distressing to crops, aquatic life, and tones, and human life. People exposed to sulfur dioxide in the air habitually have diminish lung function.It is a non exhibit source of pollution. Pollution of Non point source is a structure of pollution which structures in an extremely extensive area and enters the polluted realm in minute, dispersed flows. In view of the fact that acid rain structures in the sky, and descends to the earth a modest at a time, it is deemed a pollution of non point source.The expansion of forestlands as well demonstrates the outcomes of acid rain. Acidic rain damage trees (Godbold Huttermann,). Numerous trees illustrate the contamination gradually, on the other hand when disease and virus attacks they yield to the disease since of their weak conditions. Young plants with budding root systems are readily dishonored by rai nfall of acidic when pollutants penetrate the soil and are soaked up by the plants (Which, 2012).When acid rain happens, it doesnt right away affect acidity in lakes and streams. Lakes are very much bear on by polluted precipitation. Acid depositions can have an unconstructive effect on our livelywater stream and lakes ecosystems by worsening the pH level of the water (Driscoll, C. T). Numerous fish species are not subject to survive important changes in pH, and affected bodies of water might become devoid of any fish. Approximately twenty thousand lakes have been turned acidic in the course of groundwater pollution by acid rain. A solution to lake acidity is liming. Lime is extremely alkaline, as a result when poured into lakes it annuls out the acidity (Godrick EC and Spilios KE (eds). 2011). The difficulty with liming is that it is extremely costly and only provisionally reduces acidity. (Driscoll, C. T)Currently that acid rain is extensively acknowledged all throughout the wo rld progressively people are doing something concerning it.We can alleviate the effects by means of an unconventional source of brawn for instance batteries, wind power, solar, and electricity (What, 2013). Emissions of Fossil fuel source pollution and acid rain and are non-renewable and costly (What, 2013). An additional great source of energy is manpower reflect on biking or walking to school or work. We can discontinue exploitation gas-guzzler vehicles. This will help to save fuel and prevent pollution from escaping into the atmosphere. One person really can make a difference when they stop driving a non- fuel efficient automobile. Also by planting the trees will soak up a little of the polluted air and douse fresh clean, oxygen. (What, 2013).The 1963 Clean Air Act of US Federal control quality of air and that has lead to capacious progress on maintaining quality of air above the precedent years. This Act fetches strict restrictions on releases of acid rain-causing chemicals. Consequently, a lot of companies decreased emission of polluting oxides by levering from the employ of high sulfur coal to low sulfur coal, which manufactures a reduced amount of oxides when burned. (Anne T. Lawrence)Regulation, Technology, and consumer choices can all participate a function in reducing the force of energy use on the air we inhale. The U.S. Congress in 1990, generated the Acid Rain Program inside the Clean Air Act of federal to diminish the unpleasant acid rain effects in the course of yearly reductions in nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide from power plants that smolder fossil fuels. These and additional discharge reductions have lead to a major decline in acid deposition. uniform a lot of other environmental issues related to energy, air pollution can be decreased in the course of energy efficient and maintenance improvements, both at the industry and consumer level.ReferencesEC Godrick and KE Spilios (eds). 2011. Principles of biota I. Hayden-McNeil, LLC, Plymou th, Michigan. Module 3, pp 45-72.C. T., Driscoll, Ecological Effects of Acidic Deposition, Encyclopedia of Ecology, Syracuse, June, 2008D. Godbold, A. Huttermann, (1994). Effects of acid rain on forest processes. Hoboken, NJWiley Sons. Inc.

The Role Of Efficient Market Hypothesis

The determination Of economic mart HypothesisCorpo pose pay provides the skills which Spry Plc take to identify and select as corporate strategies that add cheer to the regular such as coronations. end-to-end this paper, outstanding foodstuff and efficient securities industry hypothesis has been discussed critically to evaluate Spry Plcs commercialize aspect then possible finance book of factss has been discussed to obtain finances, and lastly address of swell and its consequence on thumping companies has been assessed (Lo, Mawhitethornsky and Wang, 2000) (Lakonishok, Schleifer and Vishny, 1994). metropolis merchandises argon the place where Spry Plc cigaret meet investor who has finance to offers for dogged term. This finance may be integrity finance involving the payoff of untried intermediate carry on or debt finance from a wide range of loans and debts securities. Capitals market is also a place where investors buy and sells connection and g everywhere nment securities (Grossman, Sanford and Stiglitz, 1980) (Campbell, 1987) (Lakonishok, and Smidt, 1988).Capital markets are divided by dickens parts primary market and secondary market. primary market help the companies to issues new securities to the new or existing tractholders by marking a public issue or right issues. This can help society per clay better to influence luckholders that the company is free to be stronger over the time both financially and operationally (Lo, Mamaysky and Wang, 2000) (Shiller, 1981) (Keim, and Stambaugh, 1986).Secondary market is the market in which previously issued securities are quite a littled. An active secondary market after the Initial Public Offering (IPO) provides the pre-IPO manageholders with a chance to convert some of their wealth into silver makes it easier for the Spry Plc to raise additional nifty afterward and makes it easier for the company to use their line of products to acquire different companies. This is to ensure Spry Plc stock allow for trade in an active secondary market sooner they incur the high termss of an IPO (Fama, Eugene and French, 1988) (Campbell and Shiller, 1988).The Role and Importance of Capital groceryThe primary role and importance of the capital market is to raise long term monetary resource for corporation while providing a plat wee-wee for the trading of securities. This is to protect increment of the market share and toll of securities to protect their investments in future (Lo, Mamaysky and Wang, 2000) (DeBondt, Werner and Thaler, 1995).Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH)Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) asserts that financial markets are efficient or that prices on traded assets such as share and firm please securities are already reflect all known teaching. In can state that the companies may await that they can develop more efficient market, more random the cycle of price changes generated by such a market and the most efficient market of all is one in which price changes are completely random and changecapable (Fama, Eugene and French, 1988) (Lakonishok, Schleifer and Vishny, 1994) (Keim, and Stambaugh, 1986).The role and importance of Efficient Market HypothesisEfficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) information is defined as anything which may affect the share price that is non known in present and appears randomly in the future. The role of EMH is how Spry Plc mangers consist of analyzing and investing appropriately found on an investors revenue consideration and hazard profiles (Ariel, 1990) (Poterba, and Summers, 1988) (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001) (Roll, and Shiller, 1992).EMH volition non consistently egressperform the market by victimisation any information that the market already know except through with(predicate) luck. The share prices may not determine to future stock performance example the market may not know about an events which willing lead to lower profits. This can not be controlled by anyone when the share prices will be changing depending on the markets (Grossman, Sanford and Stiglitz, 1980) (DeBondt, Werner and Thaler, 1995) (Fluck, Burton and Quandt, 1997).Weak form of Efficient Market HypothesisIn this stage all past market prices and data are fully reflected in the price of securities and stock. It is establish on information about event shaping the Spry Plc may not fully simulate in price. This state that future price movements are decided entirely by information not contained in the price series (Fama, Eugene and French, 1988) (Lakonishok, and Smidt, 1988).Semi-strong form of EMHThis form emphasize that all publicly available information is fully reflected in securities prices. This implies that neither fundamental analysis nor technical analysis techniques will be able to reliably produce excess return (Campbell, 1987) (DeBondt, Werner and Thaler, 1995).Strong form of EMHThis states that all information is fully reflected in securities price. A markets need to exist where in vestor can not consistently earn excess return over a long period of time (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001).Sources in payCorporate finance is an area of finance dealing with financial decision makes and the tools and analysis used to make those decision. Organization moldiness ensure that the company are making good finance decision and all decision made are profitable for the composition (Poterba, and Summers, 1988) (Keim, and Stambaugh, 1986).Sources of finance are divided into external finance and ingrained finance. One example of internal finance is well-kept earnings which are known as company profit. Anformer(a) internal sources is a lot overlooked is the saving generated by more efficient management of working capital. This states that the company has sufficient cash savings in accounts to pay off all the debts owned as bank overdraft, trade creditors, and other debts (Campbell and Shiller, 1988) (Lakonishok, Schleifer and Vishny, 1994).External finance is available whic h can be split broadly into debt and equity finance. External finance comes from outsource to invest and will pay-off based on terms agreed with interest (Ariel, 1990). impartiality FinanceShare capital is issued by capital and converted into small units become share of the companies. Shareholder is the soul who is holding the company share. There are two types of share normally issues by company ordinary share and mouthful share capital (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001) (Keim, and Stambaugh, 1986).Ordinary Shares CapitalOrdinary share is important source of lift long term capital by Spry Plc. It represents the ownership of a company. Ordinary share capital will not get the fixed dividend but stockholder will get the staple fibre interests from the company. Ordinary shareholders run through the force-out to vote for the rights and they have the right to choose managing directors (Shiller, 1981) (Fluck, Burton and Quandt, 1997) (Rasches, 2001).The important merits of pinnacle f unds through issuing ordinary share are as follows (Samuelson, 1965) (Odean, 1999)There will not be a mandatory burden for the company to pay dividend to equity shareholders yearly.Ordinary shareholders have the right and power to vote who will be in the management committee of the company.Ordinary share issue can be time consuming and it is considered risky. Company has slight control over the management as it is indomitable by shareholders (Ariel, 1990) (Roll, and Shiller, 1992).Preference Shares CapitalPreference shareholders enjoy a superior position over equity shareholders in two ways. Preference shareholder will receive a fixed rate of dividend out of net profits of the company beforehand any dividend is declared for ordinary shareholders. Preference shareholders do not have any vote rights (Fama, Eugene and French, 1988) (DeBondt, Werner and Thaler, 1995).The merits of preference share as follows (Basu, 1983)Preference share is a golosh share to invest and company will p rovide a reasonably steady income in the form of fixed rate of return.Shareholder does not have the right and power to vote for management.Preference share often is not able to raise enough fund desired by the company (Ball, 1978). retain EarningA company generally does not distribute all its earnings amongst the shareholders as dividends. This is the profits which stage in the financial statement how much the organization gains for a year and can be retained in traffic for future use (Grossman, Sanford and Stiglitz, 1980) (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001).The merits of retained earning as a source of finance is as follows (Samuelson, 1965) (Odean, 1999)As the funds are generated internally, there are greater choices and flexibility available.It may lead to add-on in the market price of the equity shares of a companyRetained earning will not held the organization to use the capital wisely. Misuse is often occurred in this policy (Campbell, 1987) (Roll, and Shiller, 1992).Debt Finan ce savings bank loanBank provides funds for different purpose as well as for different time periods. For example, if Spry Plc borrows money from the bank with good understanding there can be different type of repayment homogeneous extended period, overdraft, term loans etc. though the borrower is required to provide some security assets of the firm before a loan is authorized by a commercial bank (Campbell and Shiller, 1988) (DeBondt, Werner and Thaler, 1995) (Keim, and Stambaugh, 1986).The merits of raising funds from a commercial bank are as follows (Keim, 1983)Banks provide funds when companies are in need and timely.loanword amount can be increased according to business needs and can be repaid in advance when funds are not needed.Bank often requires mortgage of assets in order to venerate loan. Sometimes it takes too many formalities which take time (Ariel, 1990) (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001) (Nicholson, 1960).DebenturesDebentures are an important tool for raising long term debt capital. A company can raise funds through issue of debentures which dribble a fixed rate of interest. The debenture issued by a company is an acknowledgment that the company has borrowed a certain amount of money from public, which promises to repay at a future date with interest (Lo, Mamaysky and Wang, 2000) (Lakonishok, Schleifer and Vishny, 1994)..The merits of raising funds through debentures are given as follows (French, 1980)The issue of debentures is suitable in the situation when the sales and earnings are relationly stable.As debentures do not carry voting rights, backing through debentures does not affect organizational control of equity shareholders on management.Issuing debentures is risky when company business market is not good and incurs losses because debenture amount must be paid regardless of company gains profit or losing business (Fama, Eugene and French, 1988) (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001).monetary value of CapitalWhen investors provide a corporat ion with patronage they expect the company to generate an appropriate return on those funds. From the companys perception, investors expects return is a cost of using the funds and it is called as cost of capital. A variety of factor influence a companys cost of capital. The cost of capital is also a key factor in choosing the mixture of debts and equity used to finance the company and is a critical element in business decision (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001) (Keim, and Stambaugh, 1986).Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)The cost of capital used to analyze capital budgeting decision is a weighted fair of the components cost. Therefore, Spry Plc managers should strive to make the company more valuable and that value of a company is determined by the size, timing and risk of free cash flow (FCF). A companys value is the present value of its FCFs, discount at the WACC (Shiller, 1981). The formula of Weighted Average Cost of Capital as followsValue = FCF 1 + FCF 2(1+WACC) (1+WACC ) 2Cost of EquityCompanies can raise common equity in two ways there are (Fama,1970)Directly by issuing share.Indirectly by retained earnings. fledged company issue new share of common stock. In fact if there are less than 2 percent of all new corporate funds come from the external equity market because of high floatation cost, investors perceived issuing equity as a negative signal with respect to the true value of the companys stock. An increase in the supply of stock will put weight on the stock price, forcing the company to sell the new stock at a lower price than existing, before the new issue was announced (Campbell and Shiller, 1988) (Lakonishok, Schleifer and Vishny, 1994) (Nicholson, 1960).Rate of return (rs) is investors expectation to earn that return by evidently buying the stock of the company. Therefore, rs are the cost of common equity raise internally by reinvesting earning (Poterba, and Summers, 1988) (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001).Whereas debts and proffered st ock are contractual obligations that have easily determined cost, is more difficult to estimate rs. There are few methods to compute such as Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), Discount hard currency Flow (DCF) and others. CAPM approach is to estimate the risk free rate, estimate the current expect market risk premium, estimate the stocks beta coefficient and substitute the preceding values into the CAMP equation to estimate required rate return on the stock (Ariel, 1990) (DeBondt, Werner and Thaler, 1995) (Jensen, 1968).Ks = Krf + (Km Krf)Cost of DebtCost of Debts determines the rate of return debts holders required to pay. Companies use both fixed and floating rate debt straight and convertible debts and debt with sinking and without sinking funds and each form has a somewhat different cost. Therefore, Spry Plc should know at the start of the planning period, the exact types and amounts of debt that will be used during the period. The types used will depend on the specific asse ts to be financed and on capital market condition as they develop over time. The relevant cost is the marginal cost of new debt to be raised during planning period. The after tax cost of capital is used to calculate the WACC (Lo, Mamaysky and Wang, 2000) (Nicholson, 1960). by and by tax component cost of debt = Interest rate Tax Saving= rd r d T= rd (1-T)Market value of equity and debtThe formulation of market value of equity and debts as belowMarket value of common equity(Market value common equity + market value of debt + Markey value of preference equity)In this stage, market value use to compute how much company share values at the market. The market value for equity is let publicly traded company is simply the price per share reckon by the number of share outstanding. It can state market value of equity is similar to trade in ordinary share in market. The market value of debts similar to the company traded bonds. Most companies have a large banks loan. Therefore, this is one of the debts company holds. pet stock holders are fixed to gain the dividend by the company and percentages term is based on net profit for the years. The cost of common equity is commonly determined using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (Grossman, Sanford and Stiglitz, 1980) (Fluck, Burton and Quandt, 1997).The formula to compute it isWACC = Weight of Preferred Equity * Cost of Preferred Equity + Weight of Common Equity * Cost of Common Equity + Weight of Debt * Cost of Debt * (1 Tax rate)Importance of cost of capitalConsidered as the opportunity cost, cost of capital is the minimum return required by an investor. On the other hand, for shareholders cost of capital is the dividend rate they expect to gain along with the gain on values of chares. Besides, for loan holders, cost of capital is the rate of interest for the loan provided. So company must perform well to maintain all returns effectively other wise this finance providers will sale or transfer their funds to others wit h better rate or return (Fama, Eugene and French, 1988) (Keim, and Stambaugh, 1986).Capital StructuresA company can obtain a long term pay in the form of equity, debts or some combination. The firms mixture of debt and equity is called as capital expression. The capital structure decision includes a companys choice of target capital structure, average maturity of its debts and specific source of financing it chooses at any particular time (Ariel, 1990) (Cooper, Dimitrov and Rau, 2001) (Jensen, 1968).Traditional ApproachTraditional approach defined as an optimal capital structure. This is to compute how much the firms total value leverage for the year. When the investor is to invest their money in the company with a higher risk they may get higher interest and income. But when shareholder perceived higher risk and cost of equity is raise to the point at the level, the cost of debt will be more expensive than equity. So the company need to pay more interest and will bust to them wh en operate (Campbell, 1987) (Lakonishok, Schleifer and Vishny, 1994).Miller and Modigliani (I)Miller and Modigliani (I) MM first analyze that leverage is the value of any firm is established by capitalizing its evaluate net operating income (EBIT) at a constant rate that is based on the companys risk. The first hypnotism establishes that under certain conditions, a firms debt-equity ratio does not affect its market value. This developed a trade off theory of capital structure. It show that dents is useful because interest is tax deductible but also that dents bring with it costs associated with actual or potential bankruptcy. The optimal capital structure strikes a balance between the tax benefits of debts and the cost associated with bankruptcy (Lo, Mamaysky and Wang, 2000) (DeBondt, Werner and Thaler, 1995).Miller and Modigliani (II)The second proposition establishes that a firms leverage has no effect on its weighted average cost of capital provided the cost of equity capital i s a linear function of the debt-equity ratio. This stage is showing that under some conditions, the optimal capital structure can be complete debt finance due to the preferential treatment of debt relative to equity in a tax code. MM (II) is to determine that the expected return of portfolio equal with WACC of expected return of the securities in the portfolio. This proves that Proposition II is more flexible compute compare with MM (I) for the company because signaling models use financial decisions to reveal information to make decision (Grossman, Sanford and Stiglitz, 1980) (Poterba, and Summers, 1988) (Keim, and Stambaugh, 1986).Implications of cost of capital on capital structureUsing cost of capital on capital structures bring the implications that the firm must earn a minimum rate of return to cover the cost of generating funds for investments if the firm adjure public to buy bonds and stocks (Campbell and Shiller, 1988) (Lakonishok, Schleifer and Vishny, 1994).ConclusionAch ieving the goal of corporate finance required that any corporate investment is financed appropriately. Investment in a new market may have risk which is very often unknown. Therefore, management must identify and aware of the risk and plans accordingly with financing mix and impact the evaluation to reduce capital structure that results in maximum value (Fama, Eugene and French, 1988) (Fluck, Burton and Quandt, 1997).